Negative effect is favorable to the intervention.
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Model effectiveness research report last updated: 2024
Effects shown in research
Reductions in juvenile delinquency, family violence, and crime
Findings rated high
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arrested, lifetime |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.11 | Adjusted proportion = 0.32 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Study reported = 0.33 | Statistically significant, p= <0.05 |
The reported effect size is the relative risk, which is expressed as a positive value. |
| Arrested, lifetime | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 21.00 | Adjusted mean % = 37.00 | Difference = -0.16 | Study reported = -0.48 | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | |
| Arrested, lifetime | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 30.00 | Adjusted mean % = 37.00 | Difference = -0.07 | Study reported = -0.20 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Arrested, lifetime - 15 year follow-up |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (boys) |
124 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.20 | Adjusted proportion = 0.27 | Mean difference = -0.14 | HomVEE calculated = -1.30 | Statistically significant, p = 0.00 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Arrested, lifetime - 15 year follow-up |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (boys) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.02 | Adjusted proportion = 0.17 | Mean difference = 0.30 | HomVEE calculated = -0.10 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.88 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Arrested, past year |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.02 | Adjusted proportion = 0.04 | Mean difference = -0.02 | HomVEE calculated = -0.36 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.61 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Arrested, past year | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 12.00 | Adjusted mean % = 6.00 | Difference = 0.06 | Study reported = 0.49 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Arrested, past year | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 8.00 | Adjusted mean % = 6.00 | Difference = 0.03 | Study reported = 0.03 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Convicted, lifetime |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.05 | Adjusted proportion = 0.23 | Mean difference = -0.19 | Study reported = 0.20 | Statistically significant, p= <0.05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. The reported effect size is the relative risk, which is expressed as a positive value. |
| Convicted, lifetime | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 12.00 | Adjusted mean % = 28.00 | Difference = -0.16 | Study reported = -0.64 | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | |
| Convicted, lifetime | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 23.00 | Adjusted mean % = 28.00 | Difference = -0.05 | Study reported = -0.16 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Convicted, past year |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.02 | Adjusted proportion = 0.03 | Mean difference = 0.00 | HomVEE calculated = -0.10 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.89 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Convicted, past year | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 8.00 | Adjusted mean % = 4.00 | Difference = 0.03 | Study reported = 0.34 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Convicted, past year | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 10.00 | Adjusted mean % = 4.00 | Difference = 0.06 | Study reported = 0.56 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Felony assault |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.00 | Adjusted proportion = 0.06 | Mean difference = -0.05 | HomVEE calculated = -2.46 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.40 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Felony assault | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 3.00 | Adjusted mean % = 7.00 | Difference = -0.05 | Study reported = -0.64 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Felony assault | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 3.00 | Adjusted mean % = 7.00 | Difference = -0.04 | Study reported = -0.52 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Fraud |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.00 | Adjusted proportion = 0.03 | Mean difference = -0.03 | HomVEE calculated = -2.01 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.49 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Fraud | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 2.00 | Adjusted mean % = 4.00 | Difference = -0.03 | Study reported = -0.67 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Fraud | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 5.00 | Adjusted mean % = 4.00 | Difference = 0.01 | Study reported = 0.09 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Illegal services |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.02 | Adjusted proportion = 0.04 | Mean difference = -0.02 | HomVEE calculated = -0.36 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.61 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Illegal services | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 4.00 | Adjusted mean % = 7.00 | Difference = -0.03 | Study reported = -0.34 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Illegal services | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 6.00 | Adjusted mean % = 7.00 | Difference = -0.01 | Study reported = -0.07 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Minor assault |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.09 | Adjusted proportion = 0.07 | Mean difference = 0.02 | HomVEE calculated = 0.19 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.65 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Minor assault | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 27.00 | Adjusted mean % = 26.00 | Difference = 0.01 | Study reported = 0.03 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Minor assault | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 23.00 | Adjusted mean % = 26.00 | Difference = -0.03 | Study reported = -0.10 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Minor theft |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.05 | Adjusted proportion = 0.06 | Mean difference = -0.01 | HomVEE calculated = -0.13 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.81 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Minor theft | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 8.00 | Adjusted mean % = 11.00 | Difference = -0.03 | Study reported = -0.25 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Minor theft | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 9.00 | Adjusted mean % = 11.00 | Difference = -0.02 | Study reported = -0.14 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Number of arrests, lifetime |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.54 | Mean difference = -0.44 | Study reported = 0.18 | Statistically significant, p= <0.05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. The reported effect size is the relative risk, which is expressed as a positive value. |
| Number of arrests, lifetime | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | Adjusted mean = 0.37 | Adjusted mean = 0.86 | Mean difference = -0.49 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | |
| Number of arrests, lifetime | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | Adjusted mean = 0.52 | Adjusted mean = 0.86 | Mean difference = -0.34 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Number of arrests, past year |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted mean = 0.02 | Adjusted mean = 0.11 | Mean difference = -0.09 | HomVEE calculated = -2.64 | Statistically significant, p = 0.00 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Number of arrests, past year | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.06 | Mean difference = 0.04 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Number of arrests, past year | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | Adjusted mean = 0.11 | Adjusted mean = 0.06 | Mean difference = 0.05 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Number of convictions, lifetime |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted mean = 0.04 | Adjusted mean = 0.37 | Mean difference = -0.33 | Study reported = 0.11 | Statistically significant, p= <0.05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. The reported effect size is the relative risk, which is expressed as a positive value. |
| Number of convictions, lifetime | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | Adjusted mean = 0.33 | Adjusted mean = 0.58 | Mean difference = -0.25 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Number of convictions, lifetime | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | Adjusted mean = 0.20 | Adjusted mean = 0.58 | Mean difference = -0.38 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 | |
Number of convictions, past year |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted mean = 0.02 | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Mean difference = -0.08 | HomVEE calculated = -2.34 | Statistically significant, p = 0.00 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Number of convictions, past year | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | Adjusted mean = 0.09 | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Mean difference = 0.04 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Number of convictions, past year | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Mean difference = 0.05 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Public disorder |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.27 | Adjusted proportion = 0.21 | Mean difference = 0.07 | HomVEE calculated = 0.23 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.40 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Public disorder | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 32.00 | Adjusted mean % = 26.00 | Difference = 0.06 | Study reported = 0.18 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Public disorder | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 30.00 | Adjusted mean % = 26.00 | Difference = 0.04 | Study reported = 0.13 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
Vandalism |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira); Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
117 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.07 | Adjusted proportion = 0.03 | Mean difference = 0.04 | HomVEE calculated = 0.59 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.30 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Vandalism | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 219 children | %(adjusted) = 5.00 | Adjusted mean % = 7.00 | Difference = -0.02 | Study reported = -0.24 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Vandalism | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
19-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 231 children | %(adjusted) = 7.00 | Adjusted mean % = 7.00 | Difference = -0.01 | Study reported = -0.06 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ever arrested | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12 years | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers and 578 children | % (adjusted) = 3.10 | Adjusted mean % = 3.10 | Difference = 0.00 | HomVEE calculated = 0.00 | Not statistically significant |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ever in a gang |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
18 years |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT, Memphis TN, 1990-2014, full sample |
625 children | Adjusted proportion = 0.11 | Adjusted proportion = 0.09 | Odds ratio = 1.35 | HomVEE calculated = 0.18 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.27 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. HomVEE calculated the effect size based on the study-reported odds ratio. |
Number of arrests |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
18 years |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT, Memphis TN, 1990-2014, full sample |
629 children | Adjusted mean = 0.36 | Adjusted mean = 0.35 | Incidence rate = 0.01 | Study reported = 1.02 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.93 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Number of arrests |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
18 years |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT, Memphis TN, 1990-2014; Subgroup: Mother has psychological vulnerability |
324 children | Adjusted mean = 0.19 | Adjusted mean = 0.23 | Incidence rate = -0.04 | Study reported = 0.84 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.65 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Number of convictions |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
18 years |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT, Memphis TN, 1990-2014; Subgroup: Mother has psychological vulnerability |
324 children | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.21 | Incidence rate = -0.11 | Study reported = 0.47 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.08 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Number of convictions |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
18 years |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT, Memphis TN, 1990-2014, full sample |
629 children | Adjusted mean = 0.24 | Adjusted mean = 0.28 | Incidence rate = -0.04 | Study reported = 0.86 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.59 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Number of interpersonal violence arrests |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
18 years |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT, Memphis TN, 1990-2014, full sample |
629 children | Adjusted mean = 0.19 | Adjusted mean = 0.14 | Incidence rate = 0.05 | Study reported = 1.39 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.32 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Number of interpersonal violence arrests |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
18 years |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT, Memphis TN, 1990-2014; Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
324 children | Adjusted mean = 0.14 | Adjusted mean = 0.09 | Incidence rate = 0.05 | Study reported = 1.48 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.42 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Number of interpersonal violence convictions |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
18 years |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT, Memphis TN, 1990-2014, full sample |
629 children | Adjusted mean = 0.13 | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Incidence rate = 0.03 | Study reported = 1.33 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.43 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
Number of interpersonal violence convictions |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
18 years |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT, Memphis TN, 1990-2014; Subgroup: Child gender (girls) |
324 children | Adjusted mean = 0.07 | Adjusted mean = 0.08 | Incidence rate = -0.01 | Study reported = 0.81 | Not statistically significant, p= 0.69 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Received any domestic violence services |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-month follow-up |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States,full sample |
908 mothers | Adjusted proportion = 0.01 | Adjusted proportion = 0.03 | Difference = -0.02 | Study reported = -0.49 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
The statistical significance after adjusting for multiple comparisons is reported; precise p-values are not available. |
Received any services from a domestic violence shelter |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-month follow-up |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States,full sample |
906 mothers | Adjusted proportion = 0.01 | Adjusted proportion = 0.02 | Difference = -0.01 | Study reported = -0.34 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
The statistical significance after adjusting for multiple comparisons is reported; precise p-values are not available. |
Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2), maternal experience with physical or sexual violence |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-month follow-up |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States,full sample |
904 mothers | Adjusted proportion = 0.03 | Adjusted proportion = 0.07 | Difference = -0.04 | Study reported = -0.52 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. The statistical significance after adjusting for multiple comparisons is reported; precise p-values are not available. The study reported this finding was statistically significant (p = 0.01) prior to a multiple comparisons adjustment. |
Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2), maternal perpetration of physical violence |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-month follow-up |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States,full sample |
903 mothers | Adjusted proportion = 0.06 | Adjusted proportion = 0.09 | Difference = -0.03 | Study reported = -0.25 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. The statistical significance after adjusting for multiple comparisons is reported; precise p-values are not available. |
Women's Experiences with Battering Scale (WEB) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-month follow-up |
NFP vs. Resource referral RCT (MIHOPE), 2012-2015, United States,full sample |
898 mothers | Adjusted proportion = 0.04 | Adjusted proportion = 0.04 | Difference = -0.01 | Study reported = -0.10 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Negative effect is favorable to the intervention. The statistical significance after adjusting for multiple comparisons is reported; precise p-values are not available. |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NYS arrests (incidence; administrative records) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.34 | Adjusted mean = 0.38 | Mean difference = -0.04 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| NYS arrests (incidence; administrative records) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.12 | Adjusted mean = 0.38 | Mean difference = -0.26 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
|
| NYS convictions (incidence; administrative records) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.28 | Adjusted mean = 0.27 | Mean difference = 0.01 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| NYS convictions (incidence; administrative records) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.12 | Adjusted mean = 0.27 | Mean difference = -0.15 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
|
| Arrests (incidence; self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 226 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.16 | Adjusted mean = 0.22 | Mean difference = -0.06 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | Information on sample sizes for this study was received through communication with the authors. HomVEE previously rated 24-month outcomes for nurse home visitors Moderate due to high attrition. Upon further examination, HomVEE noted that the outcomes had low attrition, and therefore they rate High. |
| Arrests (incidence; self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 244 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.09 | Adjusted mean = 0.22 | Mean difference = -0.13 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
Information on sample sizes for this study was received through communication with the authors. HomVEE previously rated 24-month outcomes for nurse home visitors Moderate due to high attrition. Upon further examination, HomVEE noted that the outcomes had low attrition, and therefore they rate High. |
| Convictions (incidence; self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.03 | Adjusted mean = 0.13 | Mean difference = -0.10 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
|
| Convictions (incidence; self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Adjusted mean = 0.13 | Mean difference = -0.08 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Days in jail (incidence; self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.01 | Adjusted mean = 0.65 | Mean difference = -0.64 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
|
| Days in jail (incidence; self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.13 | Adjusted mean = 0.65 | Mean difference = -0.52 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ever was person inneed of supervision (PINS; self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | Unknown | % (adjusted) = 8.00 | Adjusted mean % = 13.00 | Mean difference = -5.00 | HomVEE calculated = -0.33 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.33 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio.
|
| Ever was person inneed of supervision (PINS; self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 adolescents | % (adjusted) = 11.00 | Adjusted mean % = 13.00 | Mean difference = -2.00 | HomVEE calculated = -0.12 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.75 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio.
|
| Incidence of arrests (mother report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 277 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 0.11 | Adjusted mean = 0.12 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.73 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Incidence of arrests (mother report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 0.08 | Adjusted mean = 0.12 | Mean difference = -0.04 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.37 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Incidence–arrests (self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 0.16 | Adjusted mean = 0.36 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Incidence–convictions and probation violations (self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 0.06 | Adjusted mean = 0.27 | Mean difference = -0.21 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Incidence–convictions and probation violations (self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.27 | Mean difference = -0.17 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Incidence–long-term school suspensions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 0.01 | Adjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = -0.03 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 1.00 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Incidence–sent to youth corrections (self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 0.04 | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.98 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Incidence–sent to youth corrections (self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Mean difference = 0.00 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.98 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Incidence–short-term school suspensions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 0.27 | Adjusted mean = 0.28 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.97 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference.
|
| Number of major delinquent acts (self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 2.79 | Adjusted mean = 3.02 | Mean difference = -0.23 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.93 |
|
| Number of major delinquent acts (self-report) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 adolescents | Adjusted mean = 3.57 | Adjusted mean = 3.02 | Mean difference = 0.55 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.48 |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intimate partner violence | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 22.00 | Adjusted mean % = 21.00 | OR = 1.06 | HomVEE calculated = 0.03 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Maternal arrests | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
0 to 12 years | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 49.00 | Adjusted mean % = 36.00 | OR = 1.36 | HomVEE calculated = 0.32 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Mother jailed | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | % (adjusted) = 13.00 | Adjusted mean % = 13.00 | OR = 0.97 | HomVEE calculated = -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any domestic violence, birth to age 6 | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 39.00 | Adjusted mean % = 40.00 | OR = 0.97 | Study reported = -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.87 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio.
|
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any domestic violence (6–9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | = 0.21 | = 0.24 | OR = 0.81 | HomVEE calculated = -0.11 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.37 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio.
|
| Mother jailed (6–9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | = 0.04 | = 0.03 | OR = 1.46 | HomVEE calculated = 0.25 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.46 |
Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio.
|
| Number of maternal arrests (6–9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Mean = 0.41 | Mean = 0.30 | Mean difference = 0.11 | Study reported = 1.35 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.16 |
171
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any domestic violence (past 6 months) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.07 | = 0.14 | OR = 0.47 | HomVEE calculated = -0.46 | Statistically significant, p = 0.05 |
| Any domestic violence (since child age 2) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.16 | = 0.24 | OR = 0.60 | HomVEE calculated = -0.31 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.09 |
Findings rated moderate
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any domestic violence (past 6 months) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.14 | = 0.14 | OR = 1.05 | HomVEE calculated = 0.03 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.88 |
| Any domestic violence (since child age 2) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.22 | = 0.24 | OR = 0.90 | HomVEE calculated = -0.06 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.72 |